Shoulder Dislocation | Shoulder Instability

What is a dislocated shoulder?

The glenohumeral joint, formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus (upper arm bone) into the glenoid socket of the scapula (shoulder blade), is one of three main shoulder joints. The ball-and-socket arrangement of the glenohumeral joint allows for incredible mobility. In the event of injury to its stabilizing structures, the humeral head can become dislocated from the glenoid socket. Although athletes are the most vulnerable to experiencing a shoulder dislocation, particularly those who participate in aggressive collision sports such as rugby, hockey, and football, non-athletic individuals can also sustain a shoulder dislocation from a traumatic event. Dr. Joseph D. Lamplot, orthopedic shoulder specialist serving patients in Arlington Heights, Kildeer, Lake Zurich, Barrington, and the surrounding Northwest Suburbs of Chicago, IL, has the knowledge and understanding, as well as substantial experience, in treating patients with a dislocated shoulder.

What causes shoulder instability?

The ligaments that surround the glenohumeral joint are responsible for keeping the head of the humerus within the glenoid socket of the scapula. The separation of these bones results in tearing of the surrounding ligaments, leading to a high risk of repeat dislocations. Shoulder instability occurs when the surrounding ligaments no longer provide the necessary joint stability causing recurrent shoulder dislocations. In addition to collision athletes, athletes that perform repetitive overhead motions such as swimming strokes and serving a volleyball are frequently susceptible to shoulder instability.

What are the symptoms of a dislocated shoulder?

Individuals with a suspected shoulder dislocation often experiences a severe shoulder pain that begins immediately after an significant injury. Some other common symptoms of a shoulder dislocation, or shoulder instability, can include:

• Arm movement becomes difficult
• Decreased range of motion
• Arm numbness
• An obvious visual deformity of the affected shoulder
• A “crunching” or “popping” sensation with arm movement

* A dislocated shoulder joint should be treated by a medical professional immediately.

How is shoulder instability diagnosed?

Dr. Lamplot will begin by gathering a detailed medical history which includes current symptoms, the initial injury, any previous shoulder injuries, and any underlying health conditions. A thorough physical examination will follow. Depending on the injury severity, Dr. Lamplot may request diagnostic imaging studies such as x-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

What is the treatment for shoulder dislocation or shoulder instability?

It is important to seek prompt medical attention from an orthopedic shoulder specialist or medical professional if there is any suspicion of a shoulder dislocation.

Non-surgical treatment:

When a shoulder dislocation has been confirmed, the primary concern becomes reducing the shoulder joint. This should only be performed by a professional that is well-trained in the manual manipulation of the humeral head back into the glenoid socket. The shoulder pain should be significantly reduced after a successful shoulder joint reduction.

In young, active patients, first-time shoulder dislocations may warrant surgical stabilization. In older and less active patients, non-surgical treatment can include a brief period of immobilizing the shoulder joint with a sling or other device followed by rehabilitation with a physical therapist. The pain and inflammation associated with this condition can be managed with rest, ice, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). Whether treated surgically or non-surgically, participation in a physical therapy program is highly encouraged to strengthen the shoulder muscles and restore the shoulder’s range of motion.

Surgical treatment:

Surgery may be necessary for young patients with a first-time dislocation or in the setting of  recurrent shoulder instability.  Most often, a small camera (arthroscope) and specialized surgical instruments are utilized to visualize and repair the damaged shoulder ligaments. In some cases of recurrent dislocations, an mini-open procedure using a small incision may be necessary to restore shoulder stability.

Shoulder Dislocation & Shoulder Instability Specialist